Search results for "National bank"
showing 10 items of 14 documents
Klientu individuālās apkalpošanas stratēģijas pilnveidošana: Baltic International Bank SE.
2021
Individuālā finanšu aktīvu apkalpošana ir liela un nozīmīga biznesa daļa banku nozarē. Uz klienta privātbankas ilgtermiņa izvēli ietekmē ne tikai bankas piedāvāto pakalpojumu klāsts un to cena, bet arī lielā mērā attiecības ar klientu apkalpošanas pārstāvi. Pētnieciskā darba mērķis ir identificēt nozīmīgākās Baltic International Bank SE klientu individuālās apkalpošanas stratēģijas problēmas un izstrādāt priekšlikumus tās pilnveidošanai. Izanalizējot teorētisko materiālu, iegūto informāciju interviju laikā ar Bankas pārstāvjiem, darbinieku aptaujas un klientu pētījuma rezultātus, tika uztaisīti secinājumi un izteikti priekšlikumi Bankas valdei un Bankas pārvalžu vadītājiem.
Mitochondrial genotyping of isolates of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus "Glomus intraradices" from the isolate collection of the International Bank…
2011
International audience; The culture collection of the International Bank of Glomeromycota (BEG) provides an important service to scientific community and industry by acting as a repository for well-defined AMF isolates which are made available to the public. The most widely-used species has been referred to as "Glomus intraradices", and was recently renamed Rhizophagus irregularis. This species has emerged as a model organism for experimental research and is the subject of the first AMF genome to be sequenced. The only genetic marker that can currently be used to distinguish strains of R. irregularis in field settings is the mitochondrial large subunit (mtLSU). In addition, genetically dist…
The evolution of the Polish central bank’s views on Eurozone membership
2016
AbstractThis article analyses the reports published by the National Bank of Poland (NBP – Narodowy Bank Polski) between 2004 and 2014. These reports shed light on the evolution of official thinking on the possibility of Polish participation in the Eurozone, revealing a decline in enthusiasm over time. This change has taken place against a backdrop of a shift in general public attitudes (in Poland) towards the European Union, and a more specific shift in public opinion on the desirability of monetary integration on the supranational level caused by the economic crisis. These two factors explain the shift in conclusions and arguments contained in the official reports of the National Bank of P…
The World Bank's Early Reflections On Development: A Development Institution Or A Bank?
2008
Until the late 1960s, the World Bank presented itself as an institution devoted to making sound and directly productive project loans. Yet, during its early years, discussions took place within the Bank regarding the possibility of issuing different types of loans, namely (i) loans aimed at tackling social issues (‘social loans’), and (ii) loans aimed at providing foreign currency to address disequilibria in the balance of payments (‘impact loans’). This paper brings together historical analysis and theories of organization development to study the housing issue as a case in point. The analysis reveals that the Bank was unwilling to lend for housing programmes not because these were not sou…
A network perspective on international banking integration
2011
Abstract The aim of this article is to develop new international banking integration indicators together with their components: openness and regularity (balance) of the bilateral bank flows. We define the Standard of Perfect Banking Integration (SPBI), which characterizes the scenario attainable when bank flows are not geographically biased, and cross-border asset trade is not affected by home bias. We assess the gap between a hypothetical scenario of geographic neutrality and the current level of banking integration, along with both of its components. The empirical application to the banking systems of 23 countries over the 2003–2009 period enables us to conclude that the level of banking …
A contested financial frontier: banking and empire building in Eritrea, c.1952–73
2021
AbstractThis article provides an account of the relationship between imperial Ethiopia and Eritrea in the realm of banking governance from the start of the federation to the last years of the imperial regime. It looks in particular at the relationship between the Ethiopian administrations and an Italian bank, Banco di Roma, which had its headquarters in Eritrea from 1948 to 1967 before moving to Addis Ababa. The struggle for control of the economic flows generated by the Italian bank is an index of the changes in centre–periphery linkages between Addis Ababa and the sub-regional centre of Asmara. Archival evidence highlights the multifaced nature of Ethiopian governance and the role perform…
The impact of multinational banking on domestic banking
2006
Post-Keynesians have made endogenous money a central argument in their theory of output. Indeed, production cannot be undertaken if access to finance, usually meaning bank credit, does not exist. Such access is needed if wages are to be paid, and inputs of production purchased. In a monetary economy, therefore, money is created at the demand of borrowers, supplied by banks.
Réformes évolutionnistes du système des paiements internationaux : la création de systèmes des paiements supranationaux, une nécessité au regard des …
2012
At the height of the crisis, the international monetary system is powerless to reduce theinstability of exchange rates, the imbalance of the current account of balance ofpayments, instability of exchange rates and the development of speculation in financialmarkets the and the asymmetry between net exporters countries and net deficits countries.This thesis, which had the merit of opening new tracks in order to understand thecomplex relationships between global imbalances and the actual system, showed thatthese global imbalances are intrinsically linked to the failures of the internationalmonetary structure. To stop the deterioration of global imbalances, we propose that thesystem turns towar…
Turning Poland Around The Polish Economy 1990 2009
2011
This article gives a description of the policy pursued by the Polish Government and the National Bank of Poland in the transformation of the Polish economy from a central planning economy to a market economy. There is special focus on the monetary economy, and most focus is laid on the first years of the transformation process.The article also gives a presentation of the development of the main macroeconomic figures for the whole period since the introduction of the new economic system in Poland.
The Speed of Exchange Rate Pass-Through
2019
Abstract On January 15, 2015, the Swiss National Bank discontinued its minimum exchange rate policy of 1 euro against 1.2 Swiss francs. This policy change resulted in a sharp, unanticipated, and permanent appreciation of the Swiss franc by more than 11% against the euro. We analyze the pass-through of this unusually clean exchange rate shock into import unit values at the daily frequency using Swiss transaction-level trade data. Our key findings are twofold. First, for goods invoiced in euros, the pass-through is immediate and complete. Second, for goods invoiced in Swiss francs, the pass-through is partial and exceptionally fast: beginning on the second working day after the exchange rate …